AI AT THE REFERENCE DESK: CAN CHATGPT, GEMINI, AND PERPLEXITY DO THE JOB OF A LIBRARIAN?

Abstract

This research examines the evolving roles of human librarians amid rapidly advancing artificial intelligence (AI) tools, with a specific focus on ChatGPT, Gemini, and Perplexity, and their performance in handling reference queries. The study adopts a secondary research methodology, drawing on existing literature, comparative analyses, conceptual models, and user experience reports to assess whether AI systems can replicate or replace the functions of professional librarians. Key areas of study include the capabilities and limitations of AI in information retrieval, user satisfaction, ethical reasoning, context sensitivity, and the implications for librarians' professional identity. Findings reveal that while AI tools perform effectively in routine reference tasks such as rapid information retrieval, citation assistance, and factual responses, they fall short in areas requiring ethical judgment, personalised guidance, and critical evaluation. Human librarians maintain a distinct advantage in complex, interdisciplinary, or sensitive information contexts, where empathy and professional discretion are essential. The paper concludes that complete replacement of librarians by AI is neither feasible nor desirable; instead, a collaborative model holds the most promise. Librarians should embrace AI as a collaborative tool by enhancing their digital literacy, promoting ethical